Following up on the net neutrality workshop organized by VATMearlier this year, in a second meeting last week there seemed to be some consensus among German operators that charging content providers for downstream traffic sent mostly from the United States through their networks to German subscribers, though an intriguing idea, will not work. And these subscribers will remain their main revenue source also in the near future. So what can ISPs do to counter the downward spiral of ever faster and cheaper flat rate plans?